Articles by
Piotr Luberda
Head of Legal Ops
Cross-border corporate lawyer with experience spanning TradFi and DeFi. Trained in Kraków, The Hague, and Washington D.C., he owns legal projects end-to-end — contracts, compliance, and regulatory across EU, U.S., and Asia.
Setting up a fund in France: AMF registration, fund structures, and what the SLP changes
France offers emerging managers a streamlined path through sub-threshold registration and professional fund vehicles like the FPCI and SLP. Here is how the system works and where it gets complicated.
Launching a RAIF in Luxembourg: timeline, costs, and what we handle
The Reserved Alternative Investment Fund has become the default Luxembourg vehicle for emerging managers. Here is what the launch process looks like end to end — from AIFM appointment to first close — and how the work is divided between the manager and the fund services team.
Tax election strategy: SICAR-like vs. SIF-like RAIFs and the subscription tax
Luxembourg RAIFs let you choose your tax regime at formation. Pick wrong and you either overpay or lock yourself into a structure that does not fit your strategy.
Fund manager registration in Poland: the ASI structure and what the KNF process looks like
Poland's ASI vehicle and simplified ZASI registration give emerging managers a fast, low-cost path to launching a fund. Here is how the system works and what to watch out for.
CIMA registration and ongoing compliance: what Cayman fund managers actually deal with
Registering a Cayman fund with CIMA is fast. Staying compliant year after year is the part that catches managers off guard. Here is the full picture.
Your LPA is your fund's operating system: getting private fund documentation right
The Limited Partnership Agreement is not a formality. It governs every dollar that flows through your fund for 10+ years. Here is what to get right the first time.
ADGM service provider requirements: who you must appoint and why local nexus matters
ADGM mandates specific service provider appointments for every fund — fund administrator, custodian, and corporate service provider. New proposals tighten local nexus requirements further.
The 'well-informed investor' standard: Luxembourg's EUR 125,000 gateway
Luxembourg's alternative funds are not open to everyone. The well-informed investor standard sets a EUR 125,000 minimum — but there are workarounds that every emerging manager should know.
ADGM Category 3C licensing: the fund manager licence and the sub-threshold shortcut
ADGM's Category 3C licence is the gateway for fund managers in Abu Dhabi. A proposed sub-threshold framework could cut capital requirements and approval times in half for emerging managers.
Why the exempted limited partnership dominates Cayman fund formation
Around 90% of Cayman alternative investment funds use the ELP structure. Here is what makes it the default for emerging managers and what you need to know before forming one.
AIFM registration vs. authorisation in Luxembourg: understanding the EUR 100/500 million thresholds
Every Luxembourg fund manager must choose between registering as a sub-threshold AIFM or seeking full authorisation. The thresholds are simple, but the consequences of getting it wrong are not.
RAIF vs. regulated fund structures: choosing the right speed to market in Luxembourg
Luxembourg gives you three ways to structure an alternative fund. Only one of them lets you skip CSSF approval entirely — and that changes everything for a first-time manager.
SEC registration for emerging fund managers: exemptions you need to know
Most first-time fund managers do not need full SEC registration. The exemption framework exists for a reason — here is how to use it properly.